0fb65157-ed8b-486d-a1da-b0c80efda348 Francesca Luzi National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Research fellow francescaluzi@cnr.it 0009-0009-6450-2425 Giuseppe Scarcella National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher 0000-0001-6540-1997 Francesca Luzi National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Research fellow francescaluzi@cnr.it 0009-0009-6450-2425 Antonio Palermino National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher antoniopalermino@cnr.it 0000-0001-9307-3038 Processor Laura Sabatini National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher laura.sabatini@cnr.it Content Provider Ilaria Rosati National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) Technologist ilaria.rosati@cnr.it 0000-0003-3422-7230 Custodian Steward Cristina Di Muri National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) Technologist cristina.dimuri@cnr.it 0000-0003-4072-0662 Information Manager 2026-08-25 English This dataset comprises 302,552 records containing information on the distribution and abundance of marine benthic invertebrates in the Adriatic Sea (Geographic Sub Area 17). Samples were collected at 67 trawling stations located in the Italian, Slovenian, and international waters of the northern Adriatic Sea as part of the SoleMon project (CNR-IRBIM) between 2008 and 2025. Adriatic Sea EuroVoc Core Concepts beam trawls SeaDataNet device categories benthos Environmental Thesaurus Density Biomass Traits Thesaurus Free for use, including sharing and adaptation, by all individuals provided that the owners are acknowledged in any use or publication. cc-by https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ DOI https://doi.org/10.48372/drtp-dc83 Info and download page on LifeWatch Italy Data Portal https://data.lifewatchitaly.eu/handle/123456789/326425 Distrubution and abundance data of marine benthic invertebrates have been collected within Adriatic Sea waters, across 67 trawling stations. 12.389 15.709 45.644 41.996 2008-10-20 2025-11-24 Class Bivalvia 105 Class Gastropoda 101 Class Hexacorallia 1340 Class Malacostraca 1071 Class Octocorallia 1341 Class Ophiuroidea 123084 Class Asteroidea 123080 Class Crinoidea 123081 Class Polychaeta 883 Class Ascidiacea 1839 Class Echinoidea 123082 Class Thecostraca 22388 Class Polyplacophora 55 Class Holothuroidea 123083 Class Scaphopoda 104 Class Demospongiae 164811 Class Hydrozoa 1337 Class Tentaculata 1249 Class Clitellata 14165 Class Gymnolaemata 1795 Class Scyphozoa 135220 http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/62/ http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword http://eurovoc.europa.eu/5221 http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/20642 http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/traits/c_ddc0028f http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#keyword https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/traits/c_331cd569 Francesca Luzi National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Research fellow francescaluzi@cnr.it 0009-0009-6450-2425 Giuseppe Scarcella National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher 0000-0001-6540-1997 Laura Sabatini National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher laura.sabatini@cnr.it Distribution and abundance records of marine benthic invertebrates were gathered during the project SoleMon by using trawl surveys with a modified beam trawl (the rapido trawl). The hauls are planned according to a depth-stratified sampling scheme with random allocation of the positions of sampling stations within each stratum. The hauls are performed yearly between October and December during the daylight. unknown SoleMon Handbook Version 4. July 2019. https://dcf-italia.cnr.it/rest/uploads/SOLEMON-Handbook_2019_Ver_4 For each haul, depending on the total weight of the haul, a random subsample of megazoobenthos up to 12 kg is retained for detailed analysis. Within the subsample, all benthic invertebrates are identified to the lowest feasible taxonomic level, counted and weighed. To reconstruct haul‑level quantities, a Raising Factor (RF) is calculated as the ratio between the total megazoobenthos weight and the weight of the analyzed subsample according to the formula: RF = Total weight of the haul / (Total weight of subsample + Total weight debris). For each taxon, the numbers and biomasses obtained from the subsample are multiplied by this RF to estimate the totals corresponding to the entire megazoobenthic fraction from both rapido gears. Giuseppe Scarcella National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM) Researcher 0000-0001-6540-1997 Point Of Contact The SoleMon project is an experimental trawl survey that provides fishery independent data useful for the sustainable management of marine resources exploited by fisheries. The common sole [Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758)] is the target species of the survey and is one of the most commercially important species in the Adriatic Sea. The SoleMon surveys and associated data can be used to gain knowledge on the trophic webs and benthic biocenosis of the Adriatic Sea. Moreover, SoleMon data is useful for the estimation of Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MFSD) indicators, especially the ones concerning Descriptors 1,2,3,4,6,9, and 10. The northern and central Adriatic Sea (GSA 17) is a shallow, semi‑enclosed basin extending from the northern Adriatic to an ideal line between the Gargano Promontory (Italy) and Kotor (Montenegro), covering roughly 92,000 km². This area is characterized by strong riverine inputs, relatively low salinity, high primary productivity and pronounced seasonal temperature variability. Depths are generally less than 100 m, except for the Mid‑Adriatic Pit (~260 m). Sedimentary habitats range from sandy‑muddy to sandy‑silty substrates hosting diverse benthic communities. GSA 17 sustains intensive demersal and pelagic fisheries, and in recent years has been subject to increasing effort reductions, seasonal closures and stock‑specific management measures. solemon_benthos_data_20260825.csv solemon_benthos_data_20260825.csv 115894850 MD5:91060831b59453c598a11488220cebc3 1 column , eventID Event ID An identifier for the set of information associated with a dwc:Event (something that occurs at a place and time). Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasCode http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID parentEventID Parent Event ID An identifier for a broader dwc:Event that contains this and potentially other dwc:Events. For this dataset, it refers to the sampling site. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasCode http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentEventID eventDate Event Date A date-time or time interval during which a dwc:Event occurred. YYYY-MM-DD http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate decimalLatitude Decimal Latitude A geographic latitude (in decimal degrees) of a dcterms:Location. degree real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLatitude decimalLongitude Decimal Longitude A geographic longitude (in decimal degrees) of a dcterms:Location. degree real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLongitude country Country The name of the country in which the dcterms:Location occurs. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/country locationRemarks Location Remarks Describes if the sampling location occurs in national or international waters. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationRemarks depth Depth The perpendicular measurement downward from a surface. meter real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#containsMeasurementsOfType http://purl.dataone.org/odo/ECSO_00000515 samplingEffort Sampling Effort The amount of effort expended during a dwc:Event. In this dataset, it refers to the haul duration. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#usesMethod http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/samplingEffort sampleSizeValue Sample Size Value A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling dwc:Event. In this dataset, it refers to extension of the sampled area. kilometerSquared real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeValue sampleSizeUnit Sample Size Unit The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling dwc:Event. In this dataset, it refers to the unit of measure used to describe the extension of the sampled area. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasUnit http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeUnit occurrenceID Occurrence ID An identifier for a dwc:Occurrence. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasCode http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceID kingdom Kingdom The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/kingdom phylum Phylum The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/phylum class Class The full scientific name of the class in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/class order Order The full scientific name of the order in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/order family Family The full scientific name of the family in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/family genus Genus The full scientific name of the genus in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genus scientificName Scientific Name The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of a dwc:Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificName acceptedNameUsage Accepted Name Usage he full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) dwc:Taxon. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsage acceptedNameUsageID Accepted Name Usage ID An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon. Any Text World Register of Marine Species http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasCode http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsageID taxonRank Taxon Rank The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the dwc:scientificName. Any Text http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#hasContext http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonRank individualCount Individual Count The number of individuals present at the time of the dwc:Occurrence. number whole http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#containsMeasurementsOfType http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualCount density Density The number of organisms, designated by taxonomic names (e.g. species, genus, family), per unit area. numberPerKilometerSquared real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#containsMeasurementsOfType https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/traits/c_ddc0028f biomass Biomass The total weight of organisms, designated by taxonomic names (e.g. species, genus, family). kilogram real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#containsMeasurementsOfType https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/traits/c_331cd569 biomassPerUnitArea Biomass Per Unit Area The total weight of organisms, designated by taxonomic names (e.g. species, genus, family), per unit area. Kilogram Per Kilometer Squared real http://ecoinformatics.org/oboe/oboe.1.2/oboe-core.owl#containsMeasurementsOfType https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/traits/c_331cd569 302552