Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails

The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Identification

Alternate Identifier: 10.15468/wgnw57

Alternate Identifier: 76e75816-b0dc-4460-9de2-294f3e05ad83

Alternate Identifier: http://ipt.gbif.pt/ipt/resource?r=spiders_of_azorean_trails

Publication Date: 2021-03-01

Title: Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails

Abstract: The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Dataset Language: ENGLISH

Dataset Creator: Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Rui Carvalho (Researcher )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL

Dataset Creator: Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki - Pedro Cardoso (Assistant Professor )

P.O.Box 17 (Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13) , Helsinki , 00014 , FINLAND
https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/en/persons/pedro-miguel-cardoso

Dataset Creator: Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Paulo Borges (Aggregate Professor )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL
http://gba.uac.pt/member/paulo-a-v-borges

Metadata Provider: Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Paulo Borges (Aggregate Professor )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL
http://gba.uac.pt/member/paulo-a-v-borges

Metadata Provider: Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Rui Carvalho (Researcher )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL

Associated Party: PUBLISHER
Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Paulo Borges (Aggregate Professor )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL
http://gba.uac.pt/member/paulo-a-v-borges

Dataset Contact: Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Paulo Borges (Aggregate Professor )

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze , Angra Do Heroismo , Azores , 9700-042 , PORTUGAL
http://gba.uac.pt/member/paulo-a-v-borges

Keywords (GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml )

nature trails; recreation ecology.
Occurrence; Arthropoda; Araneae; Azores; native forest COBRA standardized sampling

Keywords (GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml )

Samplingevent.

Geographic Coverage

Geographic Description: Terceira and S. Miguel islands, Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal.

Bounding Box

West Bounding Coordinate: -27.466

East Bounding Coordinate: -25.049

North Bounding Coordinate: 39.045

South Bounding Coordinate: 37.579

Temporal Coverage

Range of Dates

Begin Date

2012-07-13

End Date

2017-10-17

Taxonomic Coverage

General Taxonomic Coverage: All Araneae were identified at species level.

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name: Order

Taxonomic Rank Value: Araneae

Common Name: Spiders

License Information

Intellectual Rights

This work is licensed under a

Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License

Projects

• ProjectAZORESBIOPORTAL

Title: Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Azorean trails

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name: Rui

Surname: Carvalho

Role: CONTENT_PROVIDER

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name: Paulo

Surname: Borges

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name: Pedro

Surname: Cardoso

Role: AUTHOR

Abstract: The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Funding: This research was supported by the DRCT scholarship M3.1.a/F/135/2015, from the Azores Government, and by FEDER in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through Operational Program Azores 2020, under the project AZORESBIOPORTAL –PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072).

Study Area Description

Descriptor

Terceira Island (area: 400.6 km²; elevation: 1,021.14 m) and São Miguel Island (area: 744.6 km²; elevation: 1,103 m) are two of the nine islands from the Azores archipelago. The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with regular and abundant rainfall, with high levels of relative humidity and persistent winds, mainly during the winter and autumn seasons. Terceira Island is known for the presence of some very important pristine areas at high elevation (Gaspar et al. 2011). However, few natural areas still remain at lower elevations, notably in Praia da Vitória’s council.

Design Description

Description: At all plots we applied the optimised and standardised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) sampling protocol for temperate forests (Cardoso 2009). Different variants of the COBRA protocol for spiders have already been applied in oceanic islands (Emerson et al. 2017) and tropical forests (Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020). Although originally developed and optimised for mainland habitats, COBRA has been recently proposed to be the standard protocol for inventorying and monitoring island forest ecosystems (Borges et al. 2018).

Methods

• Method

Method Step

Description: The data has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardised format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 194 records (eventID). One extension data table also exists with 1290 occurrences. The extension supplies extra information about the core record.

Sampling

Study Extent

We selected twenty-three 50x50m sampling sites in native forest patches along the studied trails, at increasing distances from the trail head: 0m, 50m and 250m. Another sampling site was added along the trail in the area with the most pristine surrounding forest (Max). Finally, two control sites were placed inside the forest, at 50m and approximately 250m from the closest trail point. Therefore, whenever there were the conditions for it, the trails had six sampling sites. The design allowed to understand whether there were ecological differences at different distances from the trail head.

Sampling Description: The COBRA protocols have been proposed as part of standard inventorying and monitoring programs on island and continental ecosystems, and have already been used for a number of studies on spiders and beetles (Cardoso 2009, Borges et al. 2018, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020).

qualityControl

Description: Sampling was performed with the standardized COBRA protocol, and all species were identified by a taxonomist.

Not available

Default

Identification

Geographic Coverage

Bounding Box

Temporal Coverage

Range of Dates

Taxonomic Coverage

Taxonomic Classification

License Information

Projects

Projects

• ProjectAZORESBIOPORTAL

Personnel

Individual Name

Personnel

Individual Name

Personnel

Individual Name

Study Area Description

Design Description

Methods

Methods

• Method

Method Step

Sampling

qualityControl