Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails

The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Default

Identification

Alternate Identifier

76e75816-b0dc-4460-9de2-294f3e05ad83

Publication Date
2021-03-01
Title

Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails

Abstract

The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Dataset Language

ENGLISH

 
Dataset Creator
  Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Rui Carvalho (Researcher)

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze

,

Angra Do Heroismo

,

Azores

,

9700-042

,

PORTUGAL

Dataset Creator
Dataset Creator
Metadata Provider
Metadata Provider
  Universidade dos Açores; ce3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental - Rui Carvalho (Researcher)

Rua Capitão João d´Ávila, Pico da Urze

,

Angra Do Heroismo

,

Azores

,

9700-042

,

PORTUGAL

Associated Party
Dataset Contact
Keywords (GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type.xml)

  • nature trails; recreation ecology.

  • Occurrence; Arthropoda; Araneae; Azores; native forest COBRA standardized sampling

Keywords (GBIF Dataset Type Vocabulary: http://rs.gbif.org/vocabulary/gbif/dataset_type_2015-07-10.xml)

  • Samplingevent.

Geographic Coverage

Geographic Description

Terceira and S. Miguel islands, Azores, Macaronesia, Portugal.

Bounding Box

West Bounding Coordinate

-27.466

East Bounding Coordinate

-25.049

North Bounding Coordinate

39.045

South Bounding Coordinate

37.579

Temporal Coverage

Range of Dates

Begin Date

2012-07-13

End Date

2017-10-17

Taxonomic Coverage

General Taxonomic Coverage

All Araneae were identified at species level.

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Order

Taxonomic Rank Value

Araneae

Common Name

Spiders

License Information

Intellectual Rights

This work is licensed under a

Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License

.

 
 

Additional Metadata

Metadata

GBIF Metadata Block

Date Stamp

2021-11-29T09:09:03Z

Citation

Carvalho R, Cardoso P, Borges P (2021). Diversity of Spiders from Azorean Trails. Version 1.6. Universidade dos Açores. Sampling event dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/wgnw57 accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-11-29.

Bibliography

Borges, P.A.V., Cardoso, P., Kreft, H., Whittaker, R.J., Fattorini, S., Emerson, B.C., Gil, A., Gillespie, R.G., Matthews, T.J., Santos, A.M.C., Steinbauer, M.J., Thébaud, C., Ah-Peng, C., Amorim, I.R., Aranda, S.C., Arroz, A.M., Azevedo, J.M., Boieiro, M., Borda-De-Água, L., Carvalho, J.C., Elias, R.B., Fernández-Palacios, J.M., Florencio, M., González-Mancebo, J.M., Heaney, L.R., Hortal, J., Kueffer, C., Lequette, B., Martín-Esquivel, J.L., López, H., Lamelas-López, L., Marcelino, J., Nunes, R., Oromí, P., Patiño, J., Pérez, A.J., Rego, C., Ribeiro, S.P., Rigal, F., Rodrigues, P., Rominger, A.J., Santos-Reis, M., Schaefer, H., Sérgio, C., Serrano, A.R.M., Sim-Sim, M., Stephenson, P.J., Soares, A.O., Strasberg, D., Vanderporten, A., Vieira, V. Gabriel, R. (2018). A Global Island Monitoring Scheme (GIMS) for the long-term coordinated survey and monitoring of forest biota across islands. Biodiversity and Conservation, 27: 2567–2586.

Cardoso, P. (2009). Standardization and optimization of arthropod inventories – the case of Iberian spiders. Biodiversity and Conservation, 18:3949-3962

Emerson, B.C., Casquet, J., López, H., Cardoso, P., Borges, P.A.V., Mollaret, N., Oromí, P., Strasberg, D. Thébaud, C. (2017). A combined field survey and molecular identification protocol for comparing forest arthropod biodiversity across spatial scales. Molecular Ecology Resources, 17: 694-707.

Malumbres-Olarte, J., Cardoso, P., Crespo, L., Gabriel, R., Pereira, F., Carvalho, R., Rego, C., Nunes, R., Ferreira, M.T., Amorim, I.R., Rigal, F. Borges, P.A.V. (2019). Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia I: The native forests of the Azores (Pico and Terceira islands). Biodiversity Data Journal, 7: e32625.

Malumbres-Olarte, J., Boieiro, M., Cardoso, P., Carvalho, R., Crespo, L.C., Gabriel, R., Hernández, N.M., Paulo, O.S., Pereira, F., Rego, C., Ros-Prieto, A., Silva, I., Vieira, A., Rigal, F. Borges, P.A.V. (2020). Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia II: The native forests and dry habitats of Madeira archipelago (Madeira and Porto Santo islands). Biodiversity Data Journal, 8: e47502

Gaspar, C., Gaston, K.J., Borges, P.A.V. Cardoso, P. (2011). Selection of priority areas for arthropod conservation in the Azores archipelago. Journal of Insect Conservation, 15: 671–684.

Collection

DTP

Entomoteca Dalberto Teixeira Pombo (DTP)

Speciment Preservation Method

ALCOHOL

 

Project

• Project

Title

Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Azorean trails

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name

Rui

Surname

Carvalho

Role

CONTENT_PROVIDER

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name

Paulo

Surname

Borges

Role

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Personnel

Individual Name

Given Name

Pedro

Surname

Cardoso

Role

AUTHOR

Abstract

The data presented here comes from samples collected as part of one recent doctoral project, which aimed to assess several components of the ecological impacts of recreational tourism on spiders. We focused on the Azorean forests, due to being home to several endemic species and its high interest in conservation. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in twenty-three 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Terceira and São Miguel Islands to assess the diversity of spiders species. Through this publication we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna in the recreational trails of native forests of the Azores. Of the 45 species collected, were 13 endemic (9689 specimens), 10 native non-endemic (2048 specimens), and 22 introduced (698 specimens).

Funding

This research was supported by the DRCT scholarship M3.1.a/F/135/2015, from the Azores Government, and by FEDER in 85% and by Azorean Public funds by 15% through Operational Program Azores 2020, under the project AZORESBIOPORTAL –PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072).

Study Area Description

Descriptor

Terceira Island (area: 400.6 km²; elevation: 1,021.14 m) and São Miguel Island (area: 744.6 km²; elevation: 1,103 m) are two of the nine islands from the Azores archipelago. The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with regular and abundant rainfall, with high levels of relative humidity and persistent winds, mainly during the winter and autumn seasons. Terceira Island is known for the presence of some very important pristine areas at high elevation (Gaspar et al. 2011). However, few natural areas still remain at lower elevations, notably in Praia da Vitória’s council.

Design Description

Description

At all plots we applied the optimised and standardised COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment) sampling protocol for temperate forests (Cardoso 2009). Different variants of the COBRA protocol for spiders have already been applied in oceanic islands (Emerson et al. 2017) and tropical forests (Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020). Although originally developed and optimised for mainland habitats, COBRA has been recently proposed to be the standard protocol for inventorying and monitoring island forest ecosystems (Borges et al. 2018).

 
 

Methods

• Method

Method Step

Description

The data has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardised format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 194 records (eventID). One extension data table also exists with 1290 occurrences. The extension supplies extra information about the core record.

Sampling

Study Extent

We selected twenty-three 50x50m sampling sites in native forest patches along the studied trails, at increasing distances from the trail head: 0m, 50m and 250m. Another sampling site was added along the trail in the area with the most pristine surrounding forest (Max). Finally, two control sites were placed inside the forest, at 50m and approximately 250m from the closest trail point. Therefore, whenever there were the conditions for it, the trails had six sampling sites. The design allowed to understand whether there were ecological differences at different distances from the trail head.

Sampling Description

The COBRA protocols have been proposed as part of standard inventorying and monitoring programs on island and continental ecosystems, and have already been used for a number of studies on spiders and beetles (Cardoso 2009, Borges et al. 2018, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2019, Malumbres-Olarte et al. 2020).

qualityControl

Description

Sampling was performed with the standardized COBRA protocol, and all species were identified by a taxonomist.