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Integrating formal surveys and local knowledge: Insights into the subterranean fauna of Apulia

The study of Stygofauna and Troglofauna is critical to preserve subterranean biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in spite of climate change. However, underground habitats, often hosting unique and endemic species, present significant challenges for traditional biodiversity assessments due to their inaccessibility and the specialised nature of their inhabitants, which results in paucity of academic studies. Furthermore, in many places knowledge of underground fauna is mainly held by non-academic site experts, such as nature guides, amateur speleological groups and environmental area managers. This valuable knowledge is rarely organised and shared according to modern data management criteria, making it less usable for research purposes. Reawakening this dormant data, standardising and sharing it according to modern criteria offers enormous opportunities to expand existing academic knowledge and provide support for future studies.

This long-term dataset represents a unique and invaluable resource for elucidating the characteristics of Apulian subterranean ecosystems. Integrating observations already published in previous studies with unpublished records, this is the first complete data collection on Apulian Speleofauna organised according to modern standards of data sharing.

  • Default
  • Project
  • Methods
  • Data Tables

Default

Identification

Alternate Identifier

870fa200-5ca0-4e21-897d-ed252ead8729

Publication Date
2024-11-11
Title

Integrating formal surveys and local knowledge: Insights into the subterranean fauna of Apulia

Abstract

The study of Stygofauna and Troglofauna is critical to preserve subterranean biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in spite of climate change. However, underground habitats, often hosting unique and endemic species, present significant challenges for traditional biodiversity assessments due to their inaccessibility and the specialised nature of their inhabitants, which results in paucity of academic studies. Furthermore, in many places knowledge of underground fauna is mainly held by non-academic site experts, such as nature guides, amateur speleological groups and environmental area managers. This valuable knowledge is rarely organised and shared according to modern data management criteria, making it less usable for research purposes. Reawakening this dormant data, standardising and sharing it according to modern criteria offers enormous opportunities to expand existing academic knowledge and provide support for future studies.

This long-term dataset represents a unique and invaluable resource for elucidating the characteristics of Apulian subterranean ecosystems. Integrating observations already published in previous studies with unpublished records, this is the first complete data collection on Apulian Speleofauna organised according to modern standards of data sharing.

Dataset Language

eng

 
Dataset Creator
  National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) - Sarah Boulamail (Research fellow)

Dataset Creator
  University of Salento - Raffaele De Giorgi (Research fellow)

Dataset Creator
  University of Salento - Sara Ventruti (Master student)

Dataset Creator
  National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) - Francesco Cozzoli (Researcher)

Metadata Provider
  University of Salento - Sara Ventruti (Master student)

Metadata Provider
  University of Salento - Martina Pulieri (Research assistant)

Dataset Contact
  National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET) - Sarah Boulamail (Research fellow)

Keywords (AGROVOC)
  • stygofauna

  • Italy

Keywords (Global Agricultural Concept Scheme)
  • Apulia

Keywords (AnaEE Thesaurus)
  • biodiversity

Keywords (GEneral Multilingual Environmental Thesaurus)
  • underground ecosystem

  • karst

Geographic Coverage

Geographic Description

The dataset is a collection of direct and indirect observations of subterranean and karst species in the southern Italian region of Apulia.

Bounding Box

West Bounding Coordinate

14.90000

East Bounding Coordinate

18.60000

North Bounding Coordinate

42.30000

South Bounding Coordinate

39.70000

Temporal Coverage

Range of Dates

Begin Date

1948-01-01

End Date

2024-05-31

Taxonomic Coverage

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Typhlocaris salentina

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Spelaeomysis bottazzii

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Subspecies

Taxonomic Rank Value

Plusiocampa dolicophoda inguscioi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Stygocyclopia badinoi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Stygiomysis hydruntina

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Ixodes vespertilionis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Hadoblothrus gigas

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Italodytes stammeri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Eukoenenia brignolii

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Nitocrella stammeri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Subspecies

Taxonomic Rank Value

Elaphoidella elaphoides elaphoides

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Parastenocaris cf orcina

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops bisetosus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Paracyclops imminutus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Paracyclops fimbriatus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Bryocamptus pygmaeus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Subspecies

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops bicuspidatus bicuspidatus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Troglopedetes ruffoi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus gr. orcinus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Salentinella gracillima

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus longicaudatus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Chthonius altamurae

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Chthonius apulicus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Monodella stygicola

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Metacyclops stammeri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Pseudolimnocythere hypogea

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Lohmannella stammeri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Trichoniscus fragilis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Higginsia ciccaresei

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Zangherella apuliae

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Chthonius inguscioi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus aquilex

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Hadzia minuta

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Pseudoniphargus adriaticus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Castellanethes sanfilippoi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Murgeoniscus anellii

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus salernianus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Parastenocaris proserpina

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Metaingolfiella mirabilis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Hadzia adriatica

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus parenzani

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Halicyclops rotundipes

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Neocyclops mediterraneus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Metacyclops minutus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Troglophonte spelaea

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Nitokra reducta

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Salentinella angelieri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Bonetogastrura cavicola

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Aegonethes cervinus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Glomeris stammeri

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Eucyclops serrulatus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Metacyclops subdolus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Acanthocyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Acanthocyclops viridis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Attheyella crassa

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Canthocampus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Cyclops furcifer

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Cyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Cypria ophthalmica

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Cypridopsis vidua

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops antrincola

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Subspecies

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops bicuspidatus odessanus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops crassicaudis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops languidoides

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops languidus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Diacylops antricola

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Dugesia

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Eucandona fabaeformis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Eucyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Halicyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Halicyclops troglodites

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Herpetocypris brevicaudata

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Megacyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niktora affinis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Nitocrella

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Notodromas persica

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Paracyclops

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Plesiocypridopsis newtoni

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Proasellus coxalis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Proasellus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Pseudocandona pratensis

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Sarscypridopsis aculeata

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Thermocyclops dybowskii

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Thermocyclops oblongatus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Thermocyclops stephanidesi

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Tropocyclops prasinus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Dendrocoelum

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Niphargus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Genus

Taxonomic Rank Value

Microcharon

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Psyllocamptus monachus

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomic Rank Name

Species

Taxonomic Rank Value

Metacyclops subdulus

License Information

Intellectual Rights

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Resource License

License Name

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
 

Distribution

Online

A brief description of the the content of online URL.

DOI

URL
https://doi.org/10.48372/8AM6-VJ47

Online

A brief description of the the content of online URL.

Dataset

URL
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14793315
 
 

Project

• Project

Title

STygofauna at the Interface between surficial and Groundwater Ecosystem: CLIMate change effects on AQUatic Invertebrates Fitness, Energy and Resource use in Italian aquifers (STIGE - CLIMAQUIFERI)

Abstract

The PRIN 2022 STIGE – CLIMAQUIFERI project, conducted in collaboration between CNR – IRET and the University of Milan Statale, investigates behavioral and energetic processes in groundwater ecosystems and springs. Groundwater, along with the deep ocean, constitutes the largest unexplored ecological domain. The slow pace of life in underground environments makes hypogean organisms excellent models for studying the metabolic-behavioral syndrome and for biomonitoring groundwater quality. Springs represent a crucial connection point between surface aquatic and subterranean domains, serving as an interface between different life paradigms. Despite their enormous scientific interest and the fascination that underground environments have always exerted on humans, only a small portion of society is aware of the existence and importance of subterranean animals. The STIGE-CLIMAQUIFERI project aims to disseminate knowledge on this subject through Citizen Science initiatives, focusing its observations on hypogean sites of high archaeological, touristic, and social interest (e.g., Faggiano Museum, Palazzo Adorno, and Parco Belloluogo in Lecce, Grotta dei Cervi Complex, and Cunicolo dei Diavoli). The goal of STIGE-CLIMAQUIFERI is to conduct fundamental scientific research in places of high archaeological, artistic, and social value to enhance the potential for knowledge dissemination of the project.

Personnel

Organization Name

National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)

Individual Name

Given Name

Sarah

Surname

Boulamail

Position Name

Research fellow

Personnel

Organization Name

National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)

Individual Name

Given Name

Francesco

Surname

Cozzoli

Position Name

Researcher

 
 

Methods

• Method

Method Step

Description

The data were collected using various methods, including visual surveys, baited traps, and plankton nets. The observations were georeferenced and integrated with previously published data, as well as unpublished records from field experts, primarily in caves and wells across the Apulian region.

 
 

Data Tables

• Data Table

Name

stygofauna_collection_Apulia_1948_2024.csv

Physical

Data Format

Externally Defined Format

Format Name

csv

Attribute List

Attribute

Name

decimallatitude

Label

decimalLatitude

Definition

The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLatitude

Attribute

Name

decimallongitude

Label

decimalLongitude

Definition

The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180, inclusive.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLongitude

Attribute

Name

stateprovince

Label

stateProvince

Definition

The name of the next smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/stateProvince

Attribute

Name

county

Label

county

Definition

The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/county

Attribute

Name

municipality

Label

municipality

Definition

The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual dcterms:Location.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/municipality

Attribute

Name

locality

Label

locality

Definition

The specific description of the place.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locality

Attribute

Name

locationID

Label

locationID

Definition

An identifier for the set of dcterms:Location information. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationID

Attribute

Name

locationremarks

Label

locationRemarks

Definition

Comments or notes about the dcterms:Location.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationRemarks

Attribute

Name

phylum

Label

phylum

Definition

The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/phylum

Attribute

Name

subphylum

Label

subphylum

Definition

The full scientific name of the subphylum in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TAXRANK_0000008

Attribute

Name

class

Label

class

Definition

The full scientific name of the class in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/class

Attribute

Name

order

Label

order

Definition

The full scientific name of the order in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/order

Attribute

Name

family

Label

family

Definition

The full scientific name of the family in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/family

Attribute

Name

genus

Label

genus

Definition

The full scientific name of the genus in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genus

Attribute

Name

scientificname

Label

scientificName

Definition

The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of a dwc:Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the dwc:identificationQualifier term.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificName

Attribute

Name

scientificnameauthorship

Label

scientificNameAuthorship

Definition

The authorship information for the dwc:scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable dwc:nomenclaturalCode.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameAuthorship

Attribute

Name

aquatic

Label

aquatic

Definition

Any watery environment, from small to large, from pond to ocean, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment.

Measurement Scale

Measurement Type

nominal

Measurement Domain

Code

TRUE

Definition

The organism lives in aquatic enviroments.

Measurement Domain

Code

FALSE

Definition

The organism lives in non aquatic environments.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/21785

Attribute

Name

endemism

Label

endemism

Definition

A taxon is said to be endemic to an area if it lives there and nowhere else.

Missing Value Code

Code

NA

Explanation

The information was not present in the paper.

Measurement Scale

Measurement Type

nominal

Measurement Domain

Code

TRUE

Definition

The organism is endemic.

Measurement Domain

Code

FALSE

Definition

The organism is not endemic.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
https://kos.lifewatch.eu/thesauri/endemisms/c_1

Attribute

Name

adaptation

Label

adaptation

Definition

[Henderson's] n. (1) evolutionary process involving genetic change by which a pop­ulation becomes fitted to its prevailing environment; (2) structure or habit fitted for some special environment or activity; (3) process by which a cell, organ or organ­ism becomes habituated to a particular level of stimulus and ceases to respond to it, a more intense stimulus then being needed to produce a response; (4) in the eye, increasing sensitivity of retina to the available light.

Measurement Scale

Measurement Type

nominal

Measurement Domain

Code

high

Definition

stygo/troglobites

Measurement Domain

Code

medium

Definition

stygo/trogloxenes

Measurement Domain

Code

low

Definition

stygo/troglophiles

Measurement Domain

Code

undetermined

Definition

The information was not specified.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/21017

Attribute

Name

year

Label

year

Definition

The four-digit year in which the dwc:Event occurred, according to the Common Era Calendar.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/year

Attribute

Name

month

Label

month

Definition

The integer month in which the dwc:Event occurred.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/month

Attribute

Name

season

Label

season

Definition

One of the four equal periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices, resulting from the apparent movement of the sun north and south of the equator during the course of the earth's orbit around it. These periods (spring, summer, autumn and winter) have their characteristic weather conditions in different regions, and occur at opposite times of the year in the N and S hemispheres.

Missing Value Code

Code

NA

Explanation

The information was not present in the paper.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/7529

Attribute

Name

airtemperature

Label

air temperature

Definition

The temperature of the atmosphere which represents the average kinetic energy of the molecular motion in a small region and is defined in terms of a standard or calibrated thermometer in thermal equilibrium with the air.

Standard Unit

celsius

Missing Value Code

Code

NA

Explanation

The information was not present in the paper.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/concept/281

Attribute

Name

watertemperature

Label

water temperature

Definition

[EOL] any measurable characteristic related to the temperature of water

Standard Unit

celsius

Missing Value Code

Code

NA

Explanation

The information was not present in the paper.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/22313

Attribute

Name

salinity

Label

salinity

Definition

[ECSO] Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water (see also soil salinity). Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water.

Standard Unit

PSU

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/10312

Attribute

Name

waterdepth

Label

water depth

Definition

[ECSO] Depth of water, which is a transparent fluid which forms the world's streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and is the major constituent of the fluids of organisms.

Standard Unit

meter

Missing Value Code

Code

NA

Explanation

The information was not present in the paper.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/22310

Attribute

Name

bibliographiccitation

Label

Bibliographic Citation

Definition

A bibliographic reference for the resource.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://purl.org/dc/terms/bibliographicCitation

Attribute

Name

observed

Label

observed

Definition

An organism that is ascertained or determined through monitoring or observation from 2020 to 2024.

Measurement Scale

Measurement Type

nominal

Measurement Domain

Code

TRUE

Definition

The organism has been observed in that location between the years 2020 to 2024.

Measurement Domain

Code

FALSE

Definition

The organism has not been observed in that location between the years 2020 to 2024.

Annotation

Property URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Value URI
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25599