Integrating formal surveys and local knowledge: Insights into the subterranean fauna of Apulia
The study of Stygofauna and Troglofauna is critical to preserve subterranean biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in spite of climate change. However, underground habitats, often hosting unique and endemic species, present significant challenges for traditional biodiversity assessments due to their inaccessibility and the specialised nature of their inhabitants, which results in paucity of academic studies. Furthermore, in many places knowledge of underground fauna is mainly held by non-academic site experts, such as nature guides, amateur speleological groups and environmental area managers. This valuable knowledge is rarely organised and shared according to modern data management criteria, making it less usable for research purposes. Reawakening this dormant data, standardising and sharing it according to modern criteria offers enormous opportunities to expand existing academic knowledge and provide support for future studies.
This long-term dataset represents a unique and invaluable resource for elucidating the characteristics of Apulian subterranean ecosystems. Integrating observations already published in previous studies with unpublished records, this is the first complete data collection on Apulian Speleofauna organised according to modern standards of data sharing.
Default
Identification
- Alternate Identifier
-
870fa200-5ca0-4e21-897d-ed252ead8729
- Publication Date
- 2024-11-11
- Title
-
Integrating formal surveys and local knowledge: Insights into the subterranean fauna of Apulia
- Abstract
-
The study of Stygofauna and Troglofauna is critical to preserve subterranean biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in spite of climate change. However, underground habitats, often hosting unique and endemic species, present significant challenges for traditional biodiversity assessments due to their inaccessibility and the specialised nature of their inhabitants, which results in paucity of academic studies. Furthermore, in many places knowledge of underground fauna is mainly held by non-academic site experts, such as nature guides, amateur speleological groups and environmental area managers. This valuable knowledge is rarely organised and shared according to modern data management criteria, making it less usable for research purposes. Reawakening this dormant data, standardising and sharing it according to modern criteria offers enormous opportunities to expand existing academic knowledge and provide support for future studies.
This long-term dataset represents a unique and invaluable resource for elucidating the characteristics of Apulian subterranean ecosystems. Integrating observations already published in previous studies with unpublished records, this is the first complete data collection on Apulian Speleofauna organised according to modern standards of data sharing.
- Dataset Language
-
eng
- Dataset Creator
- Dataset Creator
- Dataset Creator
- Dataset Creator
- Metadata Provider
- Metadata Provider
- Dataset Contact
- Keywords (AGROVOC)
-
-
stygofauna
-
Italy
-
- Keywords (Global Agricultural Concept Scheme)
-
-
Apulia
-
- Keywords (AnaEE Thesaurus)
-
-
biodiversity
-
- Keywords (GEneral Multilingual Environmental Thesaurus)
-
-
underground ecosystem
-
karst
-
Geographic Coverage
- Geographic Description
-
The dataset is a collection of direct and indirect observations of subterranean and karst species in the southern Italian region of Apulia.
Bounding Box
- West Bounding Coordinate
-
14.90000
- East Bounding Coordinate
-
18.60000
- North Bounding Coordinate
-
42.30000
- South Bounding Coordinate
-
39.70000
Temporal Coverage
Range of Dates
- Begin Date
-
1948-01-01
- End Date
-
2024-05-31
Taxonomic Coverage
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Typhlocaris salentina
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Spelaeomysis bottazzii
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Subspecies
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Plusiocampa dolicophoda inguscioi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Stygocyclopia badinoi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Stygiomysis hydruntina
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Ixodes vespertilionis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Hadoblothrus gigas
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Italodytes stammeri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Eukoenenia brignolii
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Nitocrella stammeri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Subspecies
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Elaphoidella elaphoides elaphoides
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Parastenocaris cf orcina
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops bisetosus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Paracyclops imminutus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Paracyclops fimbriatus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Bryocamptus pygmaeus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Subspecies
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops bicuspidatus bicuspidatus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Troglopedetes ruffoi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus gr. orcinus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Salentinella gracillima
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus longicaudatus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Chthonius altamurae
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Chthonius apulicus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Monodella stygicola
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Metacyclops stammeri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Pseudolimnocythere hypogea
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Lohmannella stammeri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Trichoniscus fragilis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Higginsia ciccaresei
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Zangherella apuliae
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Chthonius inguscioi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus aquilex
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Hadzia minuta
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Pseudoniphargus adriaticus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Castellanethes sanfilippoi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Murgeoniscus anellii
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus salernianus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Parastenocaris proserpina
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Metaingolfiella mirabilis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Hadzia adriatica
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus parenzani
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Halicyclops rotundipes
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Neocyclops mediterraneus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Metacyclops minutus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Troglophonte spelaea
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Nitokra reducta
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Salentinella angelieri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Bonetogastrura cavicola
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Aegonethes cervinus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Glomeris stammeri
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Eucyclops serrulatus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Metacyclops subdolus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Acanthocyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Acanthocyclops viridis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Attheyella crassa
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Canthocampus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Cyclops furcifer
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Cyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Cypria ophthalmica
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Cypridopsis vidua
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops antrincola
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Subspecies
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops bicuspidatus odessanus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops crassicaudis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops languidoides
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops languidus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Diacylops antricola
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Dugesia
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Eucandona fabaeformis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Eucyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Halicyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Halicyclops troglodites
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Herpetocypris brevicaudata
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Megacyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niktora affinis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Nitocrella
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Notodromas persica
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Paracyclops
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Plesiocypridopsis newtoni
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Proasellus coxalis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Proasellus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Pseudocandona pratensis
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Sarscypridopsis aculeata
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Thermocyclops dybowskii
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Thermocyclops oblongatus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Thermocyclops stephanidesi
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Tropocyclops prasinus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Dendrocoelum
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Niphargus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Genus
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Microcharon
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Psyllocamptus monachus
Taxonomic Classification
- Taxonomic Rank Name
-
Species
- Taxonomic Rank Value
-
Metacyclops subdulus
License Information
- Intellectual Rights
-
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Resource License
- License Name
-
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
Distribution
Online
- A brief description of the the content of online URL.
-
DOI
Online
- A brief description of the the content of online URL.
-
Dataset
Project
• Project
- Title
-
STygofauna at the Interface between surficial and Groundwater Ecosystem: CLIMate change effects on AQUatic Invertebrates Fitness, Energy and Resource use in Italian aquifers (STIGE - CLIMAQUIFERI)
- Abstract
-
The PRIN 2022 STIGE – CLIMAQUIFERI project, conducted in collaboration between CNR – IRET and the University of Milan Statale, investigates behavioral and energetic processes in groundwater ecosystems and springs. Groundwater, along with the deep ocean, constitutes the largest unexplored ecological domain. The slow pace of life in underground environments makes hypogean organisms excellent models for studying the metabolic-behavioral syndrome and for biomonitoring groundwater quality. Springs represent a crucial connection point between surface aquatic and subterranean domains, serving as an interface between different life paradigms. Despite their enormous scientific interest and the fascination that underground environments have always exerted on humans, only a small portion of society is aware of the existence and importance of subterranean animals. The STIGE-CLIMAQUIFERI project aims to disseminate knowledge on this subject through Citizen Science initiatives, focusing its observations on hypogean sites of high archaeological, touristic, and social interest (e.g., Faggiano Museum, Palazzo Adorno, and Parco Belloluogo in Lecce, Grotta dei Cervi Complex, and Cunicolo dei Diavoli). The goal of STIGE-CLIMAQUIFERI is to conduct fundamental scientific research in places of high archaeological, artistic, and social value to enhance the potential for knowledge dissemination of the project.
Personnel
- Organization Name
-
National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)
Individual Name
- Given Name
-
Sarah
- Surname
-
Boulamail
- Position Name
-
Research fellow
Personnel
- Organization Name
-
National Research Council (CNR), Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)
Individual Name
- Given Name
-
Francesco
- Surname
-
Cozzoli
- Position Name
-
Researcher
Methods
• Method
Method Step
- Description
-
The data were collected using various methods, including visual surveys, baited traps, and plankton nets. The observations were georeferenced and integrated with previously published data, as well as unpublished records from field experts, primarily in caves and wells across the Apulian region.
Data Tables
• Data Table
- Name
-
stygofauna_collection_Apulia_1948_2024.csv
Physical
Data Format
Externally Defined Format
- Format Name
-
csv
Attribute List
Attribute
- Name
-
decimallatitude
- Label
-
decimalLatitude
- Definition
-
The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
decimallongitude
- Label
-
decimalLongitude
- Definition
-
The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180, inclusive.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
stateprovince
- Label
-
stateProvince
- Definition
-
The name of the next smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
county
- Label
-
county
- Definition
-
The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/county
Attribute
- Name
-
municipality
- Label
-
municipality
- Definition
-
The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual dcterms:Location.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
locality
- Label
-
locality
- Definition
-
The specific description of the place.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locality
Attribute
- Name
-
locationID
- Label
-
locationID
- Definition
-
An identifier for the set of dcterms:Location information. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationID
Attribute
- Name
-
locationremarks
- Label
-
locationRemarks
- Definition
-
Comments or notes about the dcterms:Location.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
phylum
- Label
-
phylum
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/phylum
Attribute
- Name
-
subphylum
- Label
-
subphylum
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the subphylum in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
class
- Label
-
class
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the class in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/class
Attribute
- Name
-
order
- Label
-
order
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the order in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/order
Attribute
- Name
-
family
- Label
-
family
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the family in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/family
Attribute
- Name
-
genus
- Label
-
genus
- Definition
-
The full scientific name of the genus in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genus
Attribute
- Name
-
scientificname
- Label
-
scientificName
- Definition
-
The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of a dwc:Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the dwc:identificationQualifier term.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
scientificnameauthorship
- Label
-
scientificNameAuthorship
- Definition
-
The authorship information for the dwc:scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable dwc:nomenclaturalCode.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
aquatic
- Label
-
aquatic
- Definition
-
Any watery environment, from small to large, from pond to ocean, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment.
Measurement Scale
- Measurement Type
-
nominal
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
TRUE
- Definition
-
The organism lives in aquatic enviroments.
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
FALSE
- Definition
-
The organism lives in non aquatic environments.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
endemism
- Label
-
endemism
- Definition
-
A taxon is said to be endemic to an area if it lives there and nowhere else.
Missing Value Code
- Code
-
NA
- Explanation
-
The information was not present in the paper.
Measurement Scale
- Measurement Type
-
nominal
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
TRUE
- Definition
-
The organism is endemic.
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
FALSE
- Definition
-
The organism is not endemic.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
adaptation
- Label
-
adaptation
- Definition
-
[Henderson's] n. (1) evolutionary process involving genetic change by which a population becomes fitted to its prevailing environment; (2) structure or habit fitted for some special environment or activity; (3) process by which a cell, organ or organism becomes habituated to a particular level of stimulus and ceases to respond to it, a more intense stimulus then being needed to produce a response; (4) in the eye, increasing sensitivity of retina to the available light.
Measurement Scale
- Measurement Type
-
nominal
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
high
- Definition
-
stygo/troglobites
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
medium
- Definition
-
stygo/trogloxenes
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
low
- Definition
-
stygo/troglophiles
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
undetermined
- Definition
-
The information was not specified.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
year
- Label
-
year
- Definition
-
The four-digit year in which the dwc:Event occurred, according to the Common Era Calendar.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/year
Attribute
- Name
-
month
- Label
-
month
- Definition
-
The integer month in which the dwc:Event occurred.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
- Value URI
- http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/month
Attribute
- Name
-
season
- Label
-
season
- Definition
-
One of the four equal periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices, resulting from the apparent movement of the sun north and south of the equator during the course of the earth's orbit around it. These periods (spring, summer, autumn and winter) have their characteristic weather conditions in different regions, and occur at opposite times of the year in the N and S hemispheres.
Missing Value Code
- Code
-
NA
- Explanation
-
The information was not present in the paper.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
airtemperature
- Label
-
air temperature
- Definition
-
The temperature of the atmosphere which represents the average kinetic energy of the molecular motion in a small region and is defined in terms of a standard or calibrated thermometer in thermal equilibrium with the air.
- Standard Unit
-
celsius
Missing Value Code
- Code
-
NA
- Explanation
-
The information was not present in the paper.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
watertemperature
- Label
-
water temperature
- Definition
-
[EOL] any measurable characteristic related to the temperature of water
- Standard Unit
-
celsius
Missing Value Code
- Code
-
NA
- Explanation
-
The information was not present in the paper.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
salinity
- Label
-
salinity
- Definition
-
[ECSO] Salinity is the saltiness or dissolved salt content of a body of water (see also soil salinity). Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water.
- Standard Unit
-
PSU
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
waterdepth
- Label
-
water depth
- Definition
-
[ECSO] Depth of water, which is a transparent fluid which forms the world's streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and is the major constituent of the fluids of organisms.
- Standard Unit
-
meter
Missing Value Code
- Code
-
NA
- Explanation
-
The information was not present in the paper.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
bibliographiccitation
- Label
-
Bibliographic Citation
- Definition
-
A bibliographic reference for the resource.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136
Attribute
- Name
-
observed
- Label
-
observed
- Definition
-
An organism that is ascertained or determined through monitoring or observation from 2020 to 2024.
Measurement Scale
- Measurement Type
-
nominal
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
TRUE
- Definition
-
The organism has been observed in that location between the years 2020 to 2024.
Measurement Domain
- Code
-
FALSE
- Definition
-
The organism has not been observed in that location between the years 2020 to 2024.
Annotation
- Property URI
- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136